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The Battle of Irún was the critical battle of the Campaign of Gipuzkoa prior to the War in the North, during the Spanish Civil War. The Nationalist Army, under Alfonso Beorlegui, captured the city of Irún cutting off the northern provinces of Gipuzkoa, Biscay, Santander, and Asturias from their source of arms and support in France. ==Background== Irún is located on the northeastern coast of Spain, between the French border and the city of San Sebastian. Navarre, a Carlist stronghold, was taken over by the Requetés in late July, followed by brutal mass-repression against blacklisted civilians.〔Preston, Paul, ''The Spanish Holocaust: Inquisition and Extermination in Twentieth-Century Spain'', (2013), pp. 179-183.〕 In early August, the Carlists Colonel Jose Solchaga Zala and Colonel Alfonso Beorlegui under the orders of General Mola commanded large numbers of Requetés down the north of Navarre towards Irun.〔Preston, Paul, ''The Spanish Holocaust: Inquisition and Extermination in Twentieth-Century Spain'', (2013), p. 430.〕 Colonel Beorlegui's force was smaller, but it included 155 mm artillery, German light tanks, Junkers Ju 52 bombers, and a 700-man bandera from the Spanish Foreign Legion.〔Beevor, Antony. ''The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War 1931-1939.'' Penguin Books. 2006. London. p.116〕 It also included Italian aircraft. Both Germans and Italians carried out heavy air strikes over Irun and Hondarribia (Fuenterrabía) on a daily basis, at the same time dropping pamphlets over the towns threatening to repeat the massacres of Badajoz.〔Preston, Paul, ''The Spanish Holocaust: Inquisition and Extermination in Twentieth-Century Spain'', (2013), p. 430.〕 The town was defended by 3,000 Republicans, including CNT militia, Asturian miners, Basque nationalists, and French communist volunteers. However, they were poorly armed and lacking in proper military training.〔Preston, Paul, ''The Spanish Holocaust: Inquisition and Extermination in Twentieth-Century Spain'', (2013), p. 430.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Battle of Irún」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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